22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome
Condition
22q11.2 deletion syndrome is a genetic condition that causes a combination of medical problems. These problems may include heart defects, cleft palate, speech or feeding problems, difficulty fighting infections, low calcium levels, kidney problems, learning or behavioral issues, and facial differences.
Abdominal Pain in Children
Condition
Abdominal pain is discomfort or pain located anywhere between the chest and the pelvis.
Abrasions
Condition
An abrasion is a superficial rub or wearing off of the skin, usually caused by a scrape or a brush burn.
AC Joint Injuries
Condition
The AC (acromioclavicular) joint is where the collarbone (clavicle) meets the shoulder blade (scapula). Learn more from Boston Children’s Hospital.
Achondroplasia
Condition
Achondroplasia is a genetic bone disorder, affecting one in 20,000 babies. It is the most common type of dwarfism.
Acne
Condition
Acne is a chronic disorder of the hair follicles and sebaceous glands located in the middle layer of the skin.
Acute Bronchitis
Condition
Acute bronchitis is an inflammation of the mucous membranes of your child's bronchial tubes.
Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis (ADEM)
Condition
Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) involves a brief but intense attack of inflammation (swelling) in the brain and spinal cord that damages the brain's myelin.
Acute Flaccid Myelitis
Condition
Acute flaccid myelitis (AFM) is a neurologic condition that can cause muscle weakness and possible paralysis.
Acute Kidney Injury
Condition
Acute kidney injury is when a child’s kidneys suddenly stop working from an infections, disruption of blood flow, surgery, or exposure to medications.
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL)
Condition
In the form of leukemia known as acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), a group of white blood cells called lymphocytes is affected.
Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Condition
Acute myeloid leukemia, or AML, is a quickly progressing type of blood cancer.
Acute Transverse Myelitis
Condition
Acute transverse myelitis (ATM) involves a brief, intense attack of swelling in the spinal cord that damages myelin.
Adamantinoma
Condition
Adamantinomas are slow-growing cancerous bone tumors that form primarily in the tibia (shin bone) but occasionally in the jaw, forearm, hands, or feet.
Addison's Disease
Condition
Addison’s disease is a rare disease in which the adrenal glands aren’t functioning properly, causing a hormonal disorder.
Adenovirus Infections
Condition
Adenoviruses are a group of viruses that cause respiratory (breathing) illnesses.
Adjustment Disorders
Condition
An adjustment disorder is defined as an emotional or behavioral reaction to an identifiable stressful event or change in a person's life.
Adrenal Tumors
Condition
Adrenal tumors are masses that grow in the adrenal gland, the organ responsible for producing hormones in response to physical and emotional stress.
Adrenocortical Carcinoma
Condition
Adrenocortical carcinoma is a rare cancer that forms in the outer layer of the adrenal glands.
Adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD)
Condition
Adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD) is a rare genetic condition that causes the buildup of very long chain fatty acids (VLCFAs) in the brain.
Airway Obstruction
Condition
Airway obstruction, also known as foreign body airway obstruction, happens when a small item gets stuck in a child’s throat or upper airway and makes it hard for the child to breathe.
Alagille Syndrome
Condition
Alagille syndrome causes progressive destruction of the bile ducts.
Allergic Colitis
Condition
Allergic colitis is a condition in which your baby’s immune system overreacts to the proteins found in cow’s milk. Learn more from Boston Children’s Hospital.
Allergic Rhinitis
Condition
Learn more about Allergic Rhinitis symptoms, diagnosis, and treatments. Request an appointment for Allergic Rhinitis with experts at Boston Children's Hospital at 617-355-6000.
Allergies in Children
Condition
Allergies are an overreaction of the immune system. They happen when the immune system fights harmless foreign substances called allergens. Learn more from Boston Children's Hospital.
Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Deficiency (AATD)
Condition
Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency (AATD) is the lack of a protein made by the liver that’s released into the bloodstream.
Alpha-mannosidosis
Condition
Alpha-mannosidosis is a condition characterized by an inability to break down complex sugars in the body’s cells. Learn more from Boston Children’s Hospital.
Alveolar Soft Part Sarcoma
Condition
Alveolar soft part sarcoma (ASPS) is a malignant soft tissue tumor.
Amblyopia
Condition
Amblyopia is the most common cause of vision problems in children
Amenorrhea
Condition
Amenorrhea is the absence of menstrual periods. Learn more from Boston Children's Hospital.
Amniotic Band Syndrome
Condition
Amniotic band syndrome (constriction ring syndrome) happens when fibrous bands of the amniotic sac get tangled around a developing fetus. Learn more from Boston Children's Hospital.
Anaphylaxis
Condition
Also called anaphylactic shock, anaphylaxis is a dangerous reaction to an allergen.
Anaplastic Astrocytomas
Condition
Anaplastic astrocytomas are brain tumors that arise from brain cells called astrocytes, which are a type of glial cell.
Androgen Insensitivity
Condition
Learn more about Androgen Insensitivity symptoms, diagnosis, and treatments. Request an appointment for Androgen Insensitivity with experts at Boston Children's Hospital at 617-355-7796.
Anemia
Condition
One of the most common pediatric blood disorders, anemia has many potential causes. Learn more.
Anencephaly
Condition
Learn more about Anencephaly symptoms, diagnosis, and treatments. Request an appointment for Anencephaly with experts at Boston Children's Hospital at 617-355-6000.
Aneurysmal Bone Cyst
Condition
Learn more about Aneurysmal Bone Cyst symptoms, diagnosis, and treatments. Request an appointment for Aneurysmal Bone Cyst with experts at Boston Children's Hospital at 617-355-6000.
Angelman Syndrome
Condition
Angelman syndrome is a complex genetic disorder that causes developmental and neurological problems. Learn more from Boston Children’s Hospital.
Angiofibroma
Condition
Learn more about Angiofibroma symptoms, diagnosis, and treatments. Request an appointment for Angiofibroma with experts at Boston Children's Hospital at 617-355-6000.
Angiosarcoma
Condition
Angiosarcoma is a type of cancer that begins in the cells that line the blood vessels or lymph vessels.
Animal Allergy
Condition
Learn more about Animal Allergy symptoms, diagnosis, and treatments. Request an appointment for Animal Allergy with experts at Boston Children's Hospital at 617-355-6000.
Ankle Sprain
Condition
An ankle sprain is a stretch injury of the ligaments that support the ankle.
Anomalous Aortic Origin of the Coronary Artery (AAOCA)
Condition
Anomalous aortic origin of the coronary artery (AAOCA) is a rare congenital heart condition. Learn more from Boston Children's Hospital.
Anomalous Left Coronary Artery from the Pulmonary Artery (ALCAPA)
Condition
Learn more about anomalous left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery (ALCAPA) symptoms, diagnosis and treatments from Boston Children's Hospital.
Anorectal Malformation
Condition
Anorectal malformations are birth defects in which the anus and rectum don’t develop properly.
Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) Injury
Condition
An ACL injury occurs when the ACL tears, often as a result of cutting and pivoting during sports. Learn more from Boston Children’s Hospital.
Anterior Cutaneous Nerve Entrapment Syndrome (ACNES)
Condition
Anterior cutaneous nerve entrapment syndrome (ACNES) is one of the most frequent causes of abdominal pain in adults and children. The condition occurs when nerves within the abdominal wall — the anterior cutaneous abdominal nerves — become pinched or entrapped within the abdominal wall muscle.
Anxiety Disorders
Condition
Learn more about Anxiety disorders symptoms, diagnosis, and treatments. Request an appointment for Anxiety disorders with experts at Boston Children's Hospital at 617-355-6000.
Aortic Valve Stenosis
Condition
Learn more about Aortic valve stenosis treatment, symptoms, and diagnosis. Request an appointment with experts at Boston Children's at 617-355-5637.
Aortopulmonary Window
Condition
An aortopulmonary window is a hole between two of the major blood vessels in the heart.
AP-4-Associated Hereditary Spastic Paraplegia (AP-4-HSP)
Condition
AP-4-associated hereditary spastic paraplegia (AP-4-HSP) is a group of slowly-progressing neurodegenerative disorders. Learn more from Boston Children's Hospital.
Apert Syndrome
Condition
Apert syndrome, also known as acrocephalosyndactyly, is a genetic disorder that causes fusion of the skull, hands, and feet bones.
Apert Syndrome
Condition
Learn more about Apert Syndrome symptoms, diagnosis, and treatments. Request an appointment for Apert Syndrome with experts at Boston Children's Hospital at 617-355-6309.
Aplastic Anemia
Condition
Learn more about Aplastic Anemia symptoms, diagnosis, and treatments. Request an appointment for Aplastic Anemia with experts at Boston Children's Hospital at 617-355-8246.
Apnea of Prematurity
Condition
Apnea of prematurity refers to what happens when a child doesn’t breathe for more than 20 seconds.
Appendicitis
Condition
Appendicitis is a painful swelling and infection of the appendix.
Arachnoid Cysts
Condition
Arachnoid cysts are sacs filled with spinal fluid that grow in between the brain or spinal cord and the arachnoid membrane that covers them.
Arrhythmias in Children
Condition
An arrhythmia is an abnormal rhythm of the heart, which can cause the heart to pump less effectively.
Arrhythmogenic Cardiomyopathy
Condition
Arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy is a condition when heart rhythm disturbances precede the classical changes in the heart muscle seen in cardiomyopathy. Learn more from Boston Children’s Hospital.
Arterial Dissection
Condition
An arterial dissection is a tear along the inside lining of an artery and can occur in a child's head, neck, or spine. Learn more from Boston Children's.
Arterial Ischemic Stroke in Children
Condition
An arterial ischemic stroke (AIS) is an injury to the brain or spinal cord caused by a lack of oxygen to the area affected.
Arteriovenous Fistulas (AVFs)
Condition
Arteriovenous fistulas (AVFs) are rare abnormalities in which arteries connect directly with veins, bypassing the capillaries. They can occur anywhere in the body.
Arteriovenous Malformations (AVMs)
Condition
An arteriovenous malformation (AVM) is a tangle of arteries and veins in the brain that disrupt the normal flow of blood.
Arteriovenous Malformations AVMs II
Condition
Learn more about Arteriovenous Malformations (AVMs) symptoms and treatments. AVM tissues removed after treatment are being studied by our researchers.
Arthrogryposis
Condition
Arthrogryposis is a term used to describe conditions characterized by stiff joints and abnormally developed muscles. Learn more from Boston Children’s Hospital.
Articular Cartilage Injury
Condition
Articular cartilage injuries can occur as a result of either traumatic mechanical destruction or progressive mechanical degeneration (wear and tear).
Aspiration in Children
Condition
Your child may aspirate when problems with swallowing causes liquids or food to enter your child’s lungs
Asthma in Children
Condition
Asthma is a chronic condition that causes the airways in the lungs to narrow and swell, making it difficult to breath.
Astigmatism
Condition
Astigmatism is a common condition that causes blurry vision. Learn more from Boston Children’s Hospital.
Astigmatism, Hyperopia, and Myopia
Condition
Astigmatism, hyperopia (farsightedness), and myopia are refractive errors of the eye seen in 20 percent of children.
Astrocytoma
Condition
Astrocytomas are tumors that arise in the cerebellum, the part of the brain that controls balance and coordination.
Atopic Dermatitis and Eczema
Condition
Atopic dermatitis is an inflammatory, allergic, non-contagious skin disorder that causes itchy, scaly, flaky skin. Eczema is a general term for inflamed, itchy skin.
Atrial Septal Defect (ASD)
Condition
An atrial septal defect (ASD) is a hole in the heart wall that separates the top two chambers of the heart. Learn more from Boston Children’s Hospital.
Atrioventricular Canal Defect
Condition
An atrioventricular canal defect, or AV canal, is a combination of several closely associated heart problems that result in a large defect in the center of the heart.
Atypical Teratoid Rhabdoid Tumor (ATRT)
Condition
An atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumor (ATRT) is a very rare, aggressive tumor of the central nervous system.
Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
Condition
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common neurodevelopmental issue where people have trouble paying attention and controlling impulses. Learn more.
Auditory Processing Disorder
Condition
An auditory processing disorder is when children with normal hearing have difficulty detecting and analyzing small differences in voice pitch, loudness, and duration.
Autism Spectrum Disorder
Condition
Autism spectrum disorder is a neurodevelopmental condition that affects the way your child develops and behaves.
Autoimmune Diseases
Condition
Autoimmune disease is when the immune system mistakenly begins attacking healthy cells and tissues.
Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia
Condition
Autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) is a rare disorder that occurs when a person’s own red blood cells burst.
Autoimmune Hepatitis
Condition
Autoimmune hepatitis is a condition in which the immune system attacks the liver. Without prompt treatment, the condition and can lead to long-term liver damage, including cirrhosis and liver failure.
Bacterial Endocarditis
Condition
Bacterial endocarditis is an infection of the lining of the heart.
Bacterial Meningitis
Condition
Meningitis is an infection that causes inflammation of the three thin layers of tissue that cover the brain and spinal cord. Bacterial meningitis is the more dangerous form of meningitis.
Barrett's Esophagus
Condition
Barrett's esophagus is a precancerous condition that results from chronic inflammation. Learn more from Boston Children's Hospital.
Barth Syndrome
Condition
Barth syndrome is metabolic disorder that affects the heart, muscles, immune system, and growth. It almost always occurs in boys.
Basilar Invagination
Condition
Basilar invagination is a rare condition in which the top of the spine compresses the brain stem. Learn more from Boston Children’s Hospital.
Batten Disease
Condition
Batten disease is a very rare genetic disorder that affects the brain and nervous system.
Beckwith-Wiedemann Syndrome
Condition
Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome is a genetic disorder that can cause an overgrowth of particular body parts. Learn more from Boston Children’s Hospital.
Bedwetting (Nocturnal Enuresis)
Condition
Nocturnal enuresis, better known as bedwetting, occurs when a sleeping child cannot hold his or her urine at night. Learn more from Boston Children’s Hospital.
Bee Stings
Condition
Bee stings often happen during warm weather and around greenery.
Benign Skin Growths
Condition
Benign skin growths are non-cancerous bumps, spots, and lumps on the skin.
Beta-mannosidosis
Condition
Beta-mannosidosis is a very rare genetic condition that affects the way certain types of sugar molecules are processed by the body.
Biliary Atresia
Condition
In biliary atresia, the common bile duct is blocked or damaged, so that it's impossible for bile to flow through it.
Binder Syndrome
Condition
Binder syndrome is a congenital condition that causes an underdeveloped midface and nose. Learn more from Boston Children’s Hospital.
Bipolar Disorder
Condition
Bipolar disorder is a chronic (long-lasting), intermittent (comes and goes) mental health condition that affects people of all ages.
Birth Defects and Congenital Anomalies
Condition
A birth defect is a health problem or a physical abnormality.
Birthmarks
Condition
Most birthmarks are harmless, but there are a few that can require treatment based on where they are located and whether they’re growing. Learn more.
Bladder Exstrophy and Epispadias
Condition
Bladder exstrophy is a rare birth defect involving the urinary, reproductive, and intestinal tracts, as well as the musculoskeletal system. Learn more from Boston Children's Hospital.
Blepharitis
Condition
Blepharitis is a chronic condition that causes swelling and irritation of the eyelid.
Blisters
Condition
Learn more about Blisters symptoms, diagnosis, and treatments. Request an appointment for Blisters with experts at Boston Children's Hospital at 617-355-6000.
Blocked Tear Duct (Dacryostenosis)
Condition
In some babies, the openings into the tear duct haven’t formed properly causing a blockage, and the tears have no place to drain.
Blue Rubber Bleb Nevus Syndrome (BRBNS)
Condition
Blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome (BRBNS), sometimes called Bean syndrome, is a rare congenital vascular anomaly in which malformed veins, or blebs, appear on the skin and surfaces of internal organs.
Bone Tumors and Bone Cysts
Condition
Bone tumors and bone cysts are types of abnormal growth within a bone. Most are benign (noncancerous).
Bowlegs
Condition
Bowlegs (genu varum) is a condition in which a child’s legs curve outward at the knees.
Brachial Plexus Birth Injury
Condition
Brachial plexus birth injury is an injury to the brachial plexus nerves that occurs during childbirth.
Brain Abscess
Condition
A brain abscess is a brain infection that may cause problems with a child's brain and spinal cord function. Learn more from Boston Children's Hospital.
Aneurysms
Condition
A brain aneurysm is a weak point in a blood vessel within the brain.
Brain Cavernous Malformations
Condition
Learn how Cavernous malformation, a small mass consisting of an abnormally expanded thin-walled blood vessel, is treated at Boston Children Hospital.
Brain Tumors
Condition
Childhood brain tumors can be benign (non-cancerous) or malignant (cancerous), but both types can be life-threatening. Learn more from Boston Children's Hospital.
Branchial Cleft Remnant
Condition
Branchial cleft cysts and sinus tracts are a mass of abnormally formed tissues within the head and neck.
Broken Ankle
Condition
A broken ankle typically involves one or both of the long bones of the leg, the tibia and the fibula. Learn more from Boston Children’s Hospital.
Broken Arm
Condition
A broken arm is a crack or break in one or more of the bones in arm. They are often caused by impact injuries.
Broken Elbow
Condition
A broken elbow is a break, at or near the elbow joint, in one or more of the three arm bones that form that joint.
Broken Femur (Thighbone)
Condition
A broken femur is a fracture of the thighbone. Learn more from Boston Children’s Hospital.
Broken Forearm
Condition
A broken forearm is a break in one (or both) of the bones of the forearm: the radius and/or ulna.
Broken Leg
Condition
A broken leg is a break or crack of one long bones of the leg. Learn more from Boston Children’s Hospital.
Broken Tibia-Fibula (Shinbone/Calf Bone)
Condition
A broken tibia-fibula is a fracture of one or both of the long bones in the lower leg. Learn more from Boston Children’s Hospital.
Bronchiolitis
Condition
Bronchiolitis is an infection of the lower respiratory tract that usually affects infants.
Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia
Condition
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia is a long-term respiratory problem faced by babies born prematurely.
Bruises
Condition
A bruise is a collection of blood underneath the skin that is caused by trauma to an area of the body.
Bullying
Condition
Bullying is any kind of physical or verbal abuse of a child. It can have long-lasting effects on both the victim and the bully.
Burkitt Lymphoma
Condition
Burkitt lymphoma (aka small noncleaved cell lymphoma) is a type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma, a cancer in the lymphatic system.
Camptodactyly
Condition
Camptodactyly is a condition in which a bent finger cannot completely straighten.
Cancer
Condition
Learn more about Cancer symptoms, diagnosis, and treatments. Request an appointment for Cancer with experts at Boston Children's Hospital at 617-355-6000.
Canker Sores (Aphthous Stomatitis)
Condition
Canker sores (aphthous stomatitis) is an illness that causes small ulcers to appear in the mouth, usually inside the lips, on the cheeks, or on the tongue.
Capillary malformation
Condition
A capillary malformation, or port-wine stain, is a kind of birthmark.
Carbon Monoxide Poisoning
Condition
Carbon monoxide poisoning happens because of excess exposure to carbon monoxide (CO), a poisonous, colorless, tasteless, odorless gas that is produced from the incomplete burning of fuels that contain carbon.
Carcinoid Tumors
Condition
Carcinoid tumors are a type of neuroendocrine tumor that can develop in the appendix, gastrointestinal tract, or lungs.
Cardiomyopathy in Children
Condition
Cardiomyopathy is a disease of the heart muscle characterized by an abnormally large, thick or stiff heart muscle.
Carney Triad
Condition
Carney triad is a rare condition that describes the occurrence of three kinds of endocrine tumors in the same patient.
Cat Scratch Disease
Condition
Cat scratch disease is caused by a bacterial infection carried in cat saliva. The bacteria are passed from a cat to a human after the cat licks its paws then scratches human skin. Rubbing the eyes after petting a cat's fur can also spread cat scratch disease.
Cataracts
Condition
A cataract is a cloudy area in the lens of the eye that can cause blurry vision or block vision.
Catecholaminergic Polymorphic Ventricular Tachycardia
Condition
Catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (CPVT) is an inherited cardiac condition that causes sudden rhythm disturbances in otherwise healthy children.
Cavernous Malformations
Condition
A cavernous malformation is a small mass that is made up of abnormal, thin-walled blood vessels.
CDKL5 Disorder
Condition
CDKL5 disorder is a rare neurodevelopmental condition that is characterized by early onset epilepsy, low muscle tone, and developmental challenges.
Celiac Disease
Condition
Celiac disease is a lifelong intolerance to gluten. Learn more from Boston Children’s Hospital.
Cellulitis
Condition
Cellulitis is a deep bacterial infection of the skin that usually occurs after some type of trauma causes an opening in your child's skin. Learn more from Boston Children's Hospital.
Cerebral Arteriopathies in Children
Condition
Cerebral arteriopathies are disorders that affect the arteries in the brain and are associated with an increased risk of stroke. Learn more from Boston Children's Hospital.
Cerebral Palsy (CP)
Condition
Cerebral palsy (CP) is a group of disorders that affect muscle tone, posture, and movement as a result of damage to an infant's brain.
Cerebral Venous Thrombosis in Children
Condition
Cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) is a rare but serious condition that is a cause of stroke in children, and newborns.
Cervical Teratoma
Condition
A cervical teratoma is a very rare congenital tumor in the neck.
Chalazion
Condition
A chalazion is a persistent inflammation or swelling of the upper or lower eyelid that can also include the middle part of the eyelid.
Chest Wall Deformities
Condition
Chest wall deformities are structural irregularities in which a child’s chest is either sunken or protruding. Learn more from Boston Children’s Hospital.
Chiari Malformation
Condition
Chiari malformation is an abnormality in the back of the head where the brain and spinal cord meet.
Chickenpox
Condition
Learn more about Chickenpox symptoms, diagnosis, and treatments. Request an appointment for Chickenpox with experts at Boston Children's Hospital at 617-355-6000.
Childhood Obesity
Condition
Obesity occurs when a child is significantly over the ideal weight for her height.
Choledochal Cysts
Condition
A choledochal cyst is a congenital anomaly of the duct that transports bile from the liver to the gall bladder and small intestine.
Cholestasis
Condition
Cholestasis is a problem with the flow of bile that happens when the bile ducts are blocked or the liver has a problem producing bile.
Cholesteatoma
Condition
Cholesteatoma is the accumulation of skin in an abnormal location, typically behind the eardrum. Learn more from Boston Children's Hospital.
Chondroblastoma
Condition
Chondroblastomas occur when chondroblasts grow out of control and cause a benign (non-cancerous) tumor. Learn more from Boston Children’s Hospital.
Chondromas
Condition
Chondromas are benign (not cancerous) tumors made of cartilage that are found mostly in the small bones of the hand and feet.
Chondrosarcoma
Condition
Chondrosarcoma is a cancerous tumor that typically develops in the cartilage that coats the ends of bones and forms joints.
Choroid Plexus Brain Tumor
Condition
Choroid plexus brain tumors develop in the tissue located in the spaces of the brain called ventricles.
Chronic Fatigue
Condition
Chronic fatigue syndrome is a serious, long-term illness that affects many body systems.
Chronic Granulomatous Disease (CGD)
Condition
Chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) is an inherited immune system disorder that occurs when a type of white blood cell does not work properly.
Chronic Intestinal Pseudo-Obstruction
Condition
Chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction is a rare bowel disorder.
Chronic Kidney (Renal) Disease
Condition
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) refers to the kidney’s progressive inability to perform its functions, regardless of the cause.
Chronic Lung Disease of Prematurity
Condition
Chronic lung disease of prematurity is a long-term respiratory problem faced by babies born prematurely.
Chronic Myeloid Leukemia
Condition
Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a form of leukemia that develops in the bone marrow, the soft, spongy center of long bones.
Cleft Foot
Condition
Cleft foot occurs when the foot didn’t develop properly during fetal development.
Cleft Hand
Condition
Cleft hand is a rare hand condition in which the center portion of a child’s hand is underdeveloped.
Cleft Lip and Cleft Palate
Condition
A child with a cleft lip has a visible separation in the skin of their top lip. A child with cleft palate has incomplete development of the soft and/or hard palate.
Clinodactyly
Condition
Clinodactyly means that your child has an abnormally bent or curved finger.
Cloacal Deformities
Condition
A cloacal deformity is an anorectal malformation that occurs while a female fetus is developing in its mother's womb.
Cloacal Exstrophy
Condition
Cloacal exstrophy, also known as OEIS syndrome, occurs when a portion of the large intestine lies outside of the body.
CLOVES Syndrome
Condition
CLOVES syndrome is a rare congenital disorder characterized by vascular anomalies and other problems. Learn more from Boston Children’s Hospital.
Clubfoot
Condition
Clubfoot is a congenital foot deformity in which the foot turns down and inward.
Coarctation of the Aorta
Condition
Coarctation of the aorta is a narrowing of the aorta, the main artery that delivers oxygen-rich (red) blood to the body.
Cold
Condition
A cold is caused by a virus. More than 200 types of viruses can cause a cold.
Colic
Condition
Colic is when a child is healthy but cries or is fussy for long periods of time with no apparent reason.
Complete Tracheal Rings
Condition
Complete tracheal rings are a birth defect in the cartilage that supports a child’s airway. Learn more from Boston Children’s Hospital.
Complex Regional Pain Syndrome in Children
Condition
Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is a condition associated with persistent pain in one or more limbs.
Concussions
Condition
A concussion is a type of traumatic brain injury caused by a rapid acceleration of the brain.
Congenital Amegakaryocytic Thrombocytopenia
Condition
Congenital amegakaryocytic thrombocytopenia (CAMT) is a rare, inherited disorder characterized by a severely low number of megakaryocytes.
Congenital Cystic Adenomatoid Malformation
Condition
A congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation (CCAM) is a benign (non-cancerous) mass of abnormal lung tissue usually located on one lobe (section) of the lung.
Congenital Cytomegalovirus
Condition
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a virus related to the herpes virus group of infections. It is incurable and is a lifetime infection. Learn more from Boston Children's Hospital.
Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia
Condition
A congenital diaphragmatic hernia is when there’s a hole in the diaphragm — a thin layer of muscle and tissue that separates the chest and abdominal cavity.
Congenital Dyserythropoietic Anemia
Condition
Congenital dyserythropoietic anemia (CDA) is a group of rare, inherited, conditions characterized by ineffective red blood cell production.
Congenital Heart Defects
Condition
A congenital heart defect is a structural problem of the heart that develops during pregnancy. Learn more from Boston Children’s Hospital.
Congenital Herpes Simplex
Condition
Congenital herpes simplex is an infection caused by exposure in the uterus.
Congenital High Airway Obstruction (CHAOS)
Condition
Congenital high airway obstruction (CHAOS) is a complete or nearly complete obstruction of the fetal airway.
Congenital HIV
Condition
Congenital HIV is HIV that is transferred from the birth mother to the child.
Congenital Limb Differences
Condition
Congenital limb differences occur when a baby’s arm or leg does not form properly during pregnancy.
Congenital Outer Ear Anomaly
Condition
A congenital outer ear anomaly is a malformation of the outer ear.
Congenital Rubella
Condition
Congenital rubella syndrome (measles) is a virus that can cause birth defects if a mother passes it to her fetus.
Congenital Scoliosis
Condition
Congenital scoliosis is a sideways curvature of the spine that babies are born with. Learn more from Boston Children’s Hospital.
Congenital Sideroblastic Anemia
Condition
One of the most common pediatric blood disorders, anemia has many potential causes. Learn more.
Congenital Toxoplasmosis
Condition
Toxoplasmosis is a disease caused by the parasite toxoplasma gondii and is usually acquired by the parasite getting into the body by the mouth (for instance, by eating undercooked meat).
Congenital Varicella
Condition
Congenital varicella syndrome is a very rare disorder that’s caused by an expectant mother acquiring the virus that causes chickenpox. It can lead to a number of birth defects.
Conjunctivitis
Condition
Conjunctivitis, also known as pink eye, is an inflammation of the conjunctiva of the eye.
Constipation
Condition
Constipation is when a child has infrequent bowel movement or bowel movements that are difficult to pass.
Constricted Ear
Condition
Constricted ear — also known as cup ear or lop ear — is a malformation of the helix, or outer rim, of the ear.
Corneal Abrasions
Condition
A corneal abrasion is a scratch or injury to the cornea, which is the dome-shaped surface that covers the front of the eye. This is a very common occurrence in children.
Cornelia de Lange Syndrome
Condition
Cornelia de Lange syndrome (CdLS) is a rare genetic condition that affects development and growth. Learn more from Boston Children’s Hospital.
Coronary Artery Fistula
Condition
A coronary artery fistula is an abnormal connection between blood vessels in the heart.
COVID-19 (Coronavirus) in Children & Teens
Condition
COVID-19 affects children and families in many different ways.
Cortical Visual Impairment
Condition
Cortical visual impairment is diagnosed when children show abnormal visual responses that aren’t caused by the eyes themselves.
Cough
Condition
Coughs are one of the most frequent symptoms of childhood illness and they usually are not a symptom of anything dangerous.
Craniofacial Anomalies
Condition
Craniofacial anomalies are deformities that affect a child’s head and facial bones.
Craniosynostosis
Condition
Craniosynostosis is a condition in which the fibrous connections grow together (fuse) too early.
Cricopharyngeal Dysfunction
Condition
Cricopharyngeal dysfunction occurs when the muscle at the top of the esophagus doesn't relax or it relaxes in an uncoordinated manner.
Crohn’s Disease
Condition
Crohn’s disease is a form of inflammatory bowel disease in which parts of a child’s intestinal tract become inflamed.
Croup
Condition
Croup is a disease caused by a virus that leads to swelling in the airways and problems breathing.
Crouzon Syndrome
Condition
Crouzon syndrome is a complex genetic birth disorder that may affect a child’s face, skull, and teeth. Learn more from Boston Children's Hospital.
Cushing's Syndrome
Condition
Cushing’s syndrome is the overproduction of corticosteroids.
Cutis marmorata telangiectatica congeita (CMTC)
Condition
Cutis marmorata telangiectatica congenita (CMTC) is a rare kind of birthmark that usually fades considerably before a child turns one. Learn more.
Cyanosis
Condition
Cyanosis is a bluish color in the skin, lips, and nail beds caused by too little oxygen in the blood.
Cyclic Neutropenia
Condition
Cyclic neutropenia is a rare blood disorder that occurs when the body commonly has fewer white blood cells than normal.
Cystic Fibrosis
Condition
Cystic fibrosis, a genetic disease, involves multiple parts of the body, including the lungs and digestive system. Learn more from Boston Children’s Hospital.
Cystic Lung Disease
Condition
Cystic lung disease is a term used to describe four distinct conditions that may share a degree of common origin during fetal development.
Cytomegalovirus
Condition
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a virus related to the herpes virus group of infections.
Danon Disease
Condition
Danon disease is a rare inherited disorder that affects many organ systems.
Delayed Puberty/Delayed Sexual Development
Condition
Delayed puberty is the lack of increase in testicle size (boys) or lack of breast development (girls).
Delayed Sleep-Wake Phase Disorder
Condition
Delayed sleep-wake phase disorder is a circadian rhythm disorder that occurs when a child's natural sleep and wake schedule is shifted later.
Dentoalveolar Infections
Condition
A dentoalveolar infection is an infection in or around your child’s tooth/teeth.
Depression
Condition
Depression is a mental health disorder characterized by a sad mood that is both prolonged and severe.
Desmoid Tumor
Condition
Desmoid tumors are thought to develop from the fibrous tissue that forms tendons and ligaments.
Developmental Disabilities
Condition
Developmental delays refer to when developmental skills are at a lower level than expected for a child’s age, such as language, motor, cognition, or play.
Deviated Septum
Condition
A deviated septum occurs where there's an abnormal shape to the wall that divides your child's two nostrils.
DGAT-1 Deficiency
Condition
DGAT-1 deficiency is a rare genetic disease that causes diarrhea, inability to absorb nutrients, and poor growth.
Diabetes Insipidus
Condition
Diabetes insipidus is a rare disorder that interferes with the ability to regulate the amount of water in the body. Learn more from Boston Children’s Hospital.
Diamond-Blackfan Anemia
Condition
Diamond Blackfan anemia is a rare genetic blood disorder that occurs when the bone marrow fails to make red blood cells. Learn more.
Diaper Rash
Condition
A diaper rash occurs in the area where a baby wears a diaper.
Diarrhea
Condition
Diarrhea is defined as watery stool, increased frequency of bowel movement or both.
Diffuse Intrinsic Pontine Glioma (DIPG)
Condition
Diffuse intrinsic pontine gliomas are highly aggressive and difficult-to treat-brain tumors found at the base of the brain. See how we treat them.
Diphtheria
Condition
Diphtheria is a bacterial disease that can infect the throat (respiratory diphtheria) or the skin (skin or cutaneous diphtheria).
Dislocated Knee
Condition
A dislocated knee, also known as a dislocated patella, occurs when the kneecap pops out from its normal position. Learn more from Boston Children’s Hospital.
Dislocations
Condition
A dislocation happens when extreme force is put on a ligament and the ends of two connected bones separate. Learn more from Boston Children’s Hospital.
Disruptive Behavior Disorders
Condition
Disruptive behavior disorders are a group of behavioral problems.
Dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumor (DNET)
Condition
A dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumor (DNET) is a low-grade, slow-growing brain tumor.
Double Outlet Right Ventricle (DORV)
Condition
Double outlet right ventricle (DORV) is a type of rare congenital heart condition.
Down Syndrome
Condition
Down syndrome is a genetic condition characterized by developmental delays and learning disability.
Duane Syndrome
Condition
Duane syndrome is a rare form of strabismus, or misalignment of the eye.
Duplex Collecting System
Condition
A child has a duplex collecting system when a kidney has two ureters rather than one.
Dust Mite Allergies
Condition
Dust mites are tiny organisms that feed on the shed scales of human skin. Their waste products may provoke allergic reactions.
Dyskeratosis Congenita
Condition
Dyskeratosis congenita is a rare condition that can often cause bone marrow failure.
Dysmenorrhea
Condition
Dysmenorrhea is the pain associated with menstrual cramping.
Dysphagia in Children
Condition
Dysphagia is a term that means “difficulty swallowing.” It is the inability of food or liquids to pass easily from your child’s mouth, into the throat, and through the esophagus to the stomach during the process of swallowing.
Dysthymia
Condition
Dysthymia, also known as persistent depressive disorder, is a form of chronic depression.
Otitis Media
Condition
An ear infection. also called an otitis media, is inflammation in the middle ear space.
Eastern Equine Encephalitis (EEE)
Condition
Eastern equine encephalitis is a virus that’s spread by the bites of blood-sucking insects, such as mosquitos and ticks.
Eating Disorders
Condition
Eating disorders are patterns of unhealthy behaviors related to your child’s eating habits. Learn more from Boston Children’s Hospital.
Ebstein's Anomaly
Condition
Ebstein’s anomaly is a rare heart defect that affects the tricuspid valve.
Ectopia Cordis
Condition
Ectopia cordis happens when some or all of a baby’s heart doesn’t have the typical coverage of the breastbone. Learn more from Boston Children’s Hospital.
Edema
Condition
Edema refers to swelling in the body’s tissues caused by a buildup of fluid.
Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome (EDS)
Condition
Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS) is a group of disorders that affect a person's connective tissue.
Encephalitis
Condition
Encephalitis means that the brain tissues have become inflamed. When brain tissues are inflamed, they don’t work properly.
Encephaloceles
Condition
An encephalocele is a rare birth defect in which the tissue covering the brain, and a portion of the brain itself, protrude through openings in the skull.
Enchondroma
Condition
An enchondroma is a non-cancerous cartilage tumor that can occur in the arms and legs.
Encopresis
Condition
Encopresis is a problem that won’t go away on its own, but is relatively easy to treat. Learn more about Boston Children's Hospital's approach.
Endometriosis
Condition
Endometriosis is when the endometrium, the tissue that normally lines the uterus, grows in other places. Learn more from Boston Children’s Hospital.
Enlarged Tonsils and Adenoids
Condition
Enlarged tonsils and adenoids happen when tissues in the mouth are infected. Learn more from Boston Children’s Hospital.
Enuresis (Urinary Incontinence)
Condition
Enuresis is the medical term for involuntary urination, or “wetting.”
Eosinophilic Esophagitis in Children
Condition
Eosinophilic esophagitis is an allergic condition that causes inflammation and damage to the esophagus, the muscular tube that connects the mouth to the stomach.
Eosinophilic Gastrointestinal Disorders (EGIDs)
Condition
Eosinophilic gastrointestinal disorders (EGIDs) are rare conditions that can occur when there are high levels of eosinophils in one or more parts of the digestive system.
Ependymoma
Condition
An ependymoma is a tumor that arises from cells that are found lining the ventricular system (areas of the brain or spinal cord where spinal fluid is found).
Epiglottitis
Condition
Epiglottitis is a life-threatening bacterial infection that occurs when the epiglottis swells, obstructing the flow of air into the lungs.
Epilepsy in Children
Condition
Epilepsy is a complex condition that makes a child susceptible to seizures.
Epithelioid Hemangioendothelioma (EHE)
Condition
Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (EHE) is a rare vascular tumor or anomaly that arises from the cells lining the blood vessels. Learn more from Boston Children’s Hospital.
Esophageal Achalasia
Condition
Esophageal achalasia is a rare disorder of the esophagus that makes swallowing difficult.
Esophageal Atresia
Condition
Esophageal atresia (EA) is a rare birth defect in which a baby is born without part of the esophagus (the tube that connects the mouth to the stomach).
Esophageal Injury and Trauma
Condition
Esophageal injury and trauma can lead to esophageal strictures and other problems.
Esophageal Strictures
Condition
An esophageal stricture is a narrowing of the esophagus, the tube that connects the mouth to the stomach.
Esophagitis
Condition
Esophagitis is inflammation of the lining of the esophagus, the muscular tube that connects the pharynx (throat) to the stomach.
Evans Syndrome
Condition
Evans Syndrome is a common blood disorder that occurs when the body has fewer red blood cells than normal.
Ewing Sarcoma
Condition
Ewing sarcoma is a kind of cancer that grows in bones or soft tissues.
Excessive Hair Growth (Hirsutism)
Condition
Hirsutism is when women experience excessive hair growth on parts of the body where men usually grow hair. Learn more from Boston Children's Hospital.
Eye Injuries
Condition
Eye injuries can be serious and are usually quite painful. They are a common cause of vision loss in children.
Eye Socket Fracture
Condition
An eye socket, or orbital, fracture occurs when one or more bones surrounding the eye are broken.
Fabry Disease
Condition
Fabry disease is a lysosomal storage disorder that is progressive in nature and affects many of the body’s systems.
Facial Cuts and Wounds
Condition
Facial cuts and wounds can occur by a child while playing, climbing, or during sports activities.
Facial Fractures
Condition
Facial fractures are broken bones in the face. Learn more from Boston Children's Hospital.
Facial Nerve Paralysis
Condition
Facial nerve paralysis happens when a child cannot move muscles that control smiling and blinking, among other facial movements.
Familial Adenomatous Polyposis
Condition
Familial adenomatous polyposis is a rare genetic condition associated with the growth of dozens to hundreds of polyps in the GI tract.
Fanconi Anemia
Condition
Fanconi anemia is a severe lifelong condition that requires ongoing medical treatment. Boston Children's Hospital can help.
Fatty Liver Disease
Condition
Fatty liver disease is the buildup of fat in the liver that can lead to inflammation and cell damage. Learn more from the experts at Boston Children’s Hospital.
Fecal Incontinence
Condition
Fecal incontinence is the inability to control bowel movements.
Femoral Anteversion
Condition
Femoral anteversion is an inward twisting of the thigh bone (femur).
Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS)
Condition
Fetal alcohol syndrome is a group of abnormalities that occur in babies born to mothers who consume alcohol during pregnancy.
Fever
Condition
Your child has a fever if their temperature is 100.4 degrees Fahrenheit or higher.
Fever in a Newborn
Condition
Learn more about fever in a newborn — symptoms, diagnosis, and treatments.
Fibro Adipose Vascular Anomaly (FAVA)
Condition
Fibro-adipose vascular anomaly (FAVA) is a rare, but painful, vascular anomaly in which a significant portion of a muscle in one of a child's limbs is taken over by tough, fibrous, fatty tissue.
Fibrosarcoma
Condition
A fibrosarcoma is a malignant (cancerous) tumor that originates in the connective fibrous tissue found at the ends of bones of the arm or legs, and then spreads to other surrounding soft tissues.
Fibrous Dysplasia
Condition
Fibrous dysplasia is a developmental abnormality that results in abnormal growth, pain, and deformity of the affected bones.
Fifth Disease
Condition
Learn about the symptoms, diagnosis and treatment of fifth disease, a viral skin condition, from Boston Children’s Hospital.
First-Degree Burn
Condition
A first-degree burn, or a superficial burn, only affects the epidermis, or outer layer of skin.
Flexible Flatfoot
Condition
Flexible flatfoot is a common childhood condition in which a child has very little or no arch in their feet.
Flu (Influenza)
Condition
Seasonal flu is a common viral infection affecting children and adults every year. Learn more from Boston Children’s Hospital.
Folliculitis, Boils, and Carbuncles
Condition
Folliculitis, boils, and carbuncles involve inflammation and irritation of various areas of the skin.
Food Allergy
Condition
A food allergy is the body’s abnormal response to a certain food. Learn more from Boston Children’s Hospital.
Fractures
Condition
A fracture is a break in the bone that occurs when more force is applied to the bone than the bone can withstand.
Fragile X Syndrome
Condition
Fragile X syndrome is a genetic condition that can cause a range of learning and developmental problems.
Frostbite and Frostnip
Condition
Frostbite is damage to the skin from freezing. Frostnip is less severe and can usually be treated at home.
Fucosidosis
Condition
Fucosidosis is a rare genetic condition characterized by an inability to properly break down certain sugars attached to specific proteins and fats in the body’s cells.
Functional Abdominal Pain in Children
Condition
Functional abdominal pain is persistent stomach pain that does not resolve with usual treatment.
Galactorrhea
Condition
Galactorrhea is a milky discharge from the nipple of the breast in someone who is not nursing a baby.
Galactosemia
Condition
Galactosemia is a rare genetic metabolic disorder in which babies are born without the ability to convert milk sugars into glucose.
Gallstones (Cholelithiasis)
Condition
Gallstones are solid deposits of digestive fluid in the gallbladder.
Gastroparesis in Children
Condition
Gastroparesis is a condition in which the stomach muscles do not work properly.
Gastroschisis
Condition
Gastroschisis is an opening in the abdominal wall that appears during fetal development.
Gender Dysphoria
Condition
Gender dysphoria occurs when there is a conflict between the sex you were assigned at birth and the gender with which you identify.
Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD)
Condition
Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is characterized by excessive and uncontrollable worry about a variety of events.
Generalized Lymphatic Anomaly
Condition
Generalized lymphatic anomaly, or lymphangiomatosis, is a rare condition involving the abnormal overgrowth of lymphatic vessels in the lungs, pleura, bones, and soft tissue.
Genetic Disorders
Condition
Genetic disorders include certain types of birth defects, chronic diseases, developmental problems, and sensory deficits that are inherited from one or both parents.
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)
Condition
Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) in children is a chronic digestive disorder.
Germ Cell Tumors of the Brain
Condition
Germ cell tumors of the brain develop from germ cells — the cells that later become sperm in the testicles or eggs in the ovaries.
Germ Cell Tumors
Condition
Germ cell tumors are masses of tissue formed by immature cells that normally would have developed into mature eggs or sperm.
Germinoma
Condition
A germinoma is a type of germ cell tumor that is most often found in the brain.
Giant Cell Tumor
Condition
A giant cell tumor is a benign solitary tumor that usually grows in the ends of long bones, and contains unusually large cells.
Glaucoma
Condition
Glaucoma is a condition in which the normal fluid pressure inside the eyes slowly rises. The fluid collects and eventually causes loss of vision.
Glioblastoma Multiforme
Condition
Glioblastoma multiformes (GBMs) are high-grade gliomas that arise from the brain’s supportive tissue (glial cells).
Glioma
Condition
A glioma is a kind of brain tumor that originates from glial cells, which support and nourish neurons in the brain.
Gliomatosis Cerebri
Condition
Gliomatosis cerebri is a highly aggressive, rare form of malignant astrocytic tumor.
Glomerulonephritis
Condition
Glomerulonephritis is kidney disease where small structures in the kidneys become inflamed and impair the kidney's ability to filter urine.
Glomuvenous Malformation
Condition
A glomuvenous malformation (GVM) is a type of vascular malformation formed by an abnormal growth of blood vessels and the presence of glomus cells in the wall of the malformation.
Glucose Galactose Malabsorption (GGM)
Condition
Glucose galactose malabsorption is when a child’s body cannot absorb the simple sugars glucose and galactose.
Glycogen Storage Disease
Condition
Glycogen storage disease interferes with the liver’s ability to convert glycogen into energy. Learn more from Boston Children’s Hospital.
GM1 Gangliosidosis
Condition
GM1 gangliosidosis, also called beta-galactosidase-1 deficiency, is a genetic disorder that progressively destroys nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord.
GM2 Gangliosidosis
Condition
GM2 gangliosidosis is a rare genetic disorder that progressively destroys nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord.
Gorham-Stout Disease
Condition
Children with Gorham-Stout disease experience gradual bone loss (osteolysis) caused by an abnormal overgrowth of lymphatic vessels.
Group B Streptococcus (GBS)
Condition
Group B streptococcus (GBS) is a bacterium that can be found in the digestive tract, urinary tract, and genital area of adults.
Growth Hormone Deficiency
Condition
Growth hormone deficiency results when the pituitary gland doesn't produce enough growth hormone to stimulate the body to grow.
Growth Plate Fractures
Condition
A growth plate fracture is a fracture that intersects the area of soft cartilage where bone growth takes place. Learn more from Boston Children’s Hospital.
Growth Problems
Condition
“Growth problems” is a broad phrase used to describe various causes and effects of conditions relating to your child’s insufficient growth.
Guillain-Barré Syndrome
Condition
Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) occurs when the immune system attacks the peripheral nervous system. Learn more from Boston Children’s Hospital.
Gynecomastia
Condition
Gynecomastia is a condition in which above-average amounts of breast tissue form in males.
Haemophilus Influenzae Infections
Condition
Haemophilus influenzae, or H. influenzae, is a group of bacteria that cause different types of infections.
Hamartoma
Condition
A hamartoma is an abnormal growth that's made up of the same tissue from which it grows.
Hand-Foot-Mouth Disease
Condition
Hand-foot-mouth disease is a common viral illness that affects infants and children and often appears as a rash of small, blister-like bumps in the hands, feet, and mouth.
Head or Brain Injury
Condition
Head injury is a broad term that describes many different types of conditions — ranging from bumps and bruises to concussions, skull fractures, and serious brain injuries.
Headaches
Condition
Our specialists at Children’s Hospital Boston have great expertise in diagnosing and treating children’s headaches. Learn more.
Hearing Loss
Condition
Hearing loss is a problem with one or both or ears that reduces a child’s ability to detect sound. Learn more from Boston Children’s Hospital.
Heart Failure
Condition
Heart failure in children occurs when a child’s heart is not working as well as it should.
Heart Murmur
Condition
A heart murmur is a sound made by blood moving through the heart's chambers or valves.
Heart Tumor
Condition
Learn more about cardiac tumor symptoms, diagnosis, and treatments from Boston Children's Hospital.
Heart's Electrical System
Condition
The heart’s electrical system provides the energy to help your child's heart pump blood.
Heat Cramps Exhaustion and Stroke
Condition
Learn more about Heat Cramps Exhaustion and Stroke symptoms, diagnosis, and treatments. Request an appointment for Heat Cramps Exhaustion and Stroke with experts at Boston Children's Hospital at 617-355-6000.
Helicobacter Pylori
Condition
Helicobacter pylori, or H. pylori, is a spiral-shaped bacterium found in the stomach.
Hemangioma
Condition
A hemangioma is a type of benign tumor in infants. Learn more from Boston Children’s Hospital.
Hemangiopericytoma
Condition
Hemangiopericytoma is a rare tumor that grows in the body’s soft tissue, which includes fat, muscles, tendons, nerves, blood vessels and other fibrous tissue.
Hemifacial Microsomia
Condition
Hemifacial microsomia is a condition in which half of one side of the face is underdeveloped and doesn't grow normally.
Hemihyperplasia
Condition
Hemihyperplasia is a rare condition that causes uneven growth of one part or side of the body.
Hemitruncus
Condition
Hemitruncus is when one pulmonary artery branch arises from the ascending aorta just above the aortic sinuses, whereas the main pulmonary artery and the other pulmonary branch arise in their normal position.
Hemolytic Anemia
Condition
Hemolytic anemia is a sub-type of anemia, a common blood disorder that occurs when the body has fewer red blood cells than normal. Learn more from Boston Children’s Hospital.
Hemolytic Disease
Condition
Hemolytic disease of the newborn occurs when the blood types of a mother and baby are incompatible.
Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome
Condition
Hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) is a rare condition that can lead to kidney failure in children.
Hemophilia
Condition
Hemophilia is a bleeding disorder that slows the body’s ability for form blood clots.
Hemorrhagic Disease of the Newborn
Condition
Hemorrhagic disease is a bleeding problem that occurs in a baby during the first few days of life.
Henoch-Schonlein Purpura (HSP)
Condition
Henoch-Schonlein purpura (HSP) is a form of vasculitis, a condition that involves inflammation of the blood vessels.
Hepatitis B
Condition
Hepatitis B is a liver disease caused by the hepatitis B virus (HBV).
Hepatitis C
Condition
Hepatitis C is an infection that can be mild or can lead to long-term liver disease.
Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Condition
Hepatocellular carcinoma, also called liver carcinoma, is a rare, aggressive type of liver cancer. Learn more from the Liver Tumor Center at the Dana-Farber/Boston Children’s Cancer and Blood Disorders Center.
Hereditary Spastic Paraplegia
Condition
Hereditary spastic paraplegia (HSP) refers to a group of over 80 different genetic conditions that present with progressive spasticity (muscle tightness) and weakness.
Herpangina
Condition
Herpangina is characterized by small blister-like bumps or ulcers that appear in the mouth, usually in the back of throat or the roof of the mouth.
Herpes Zoster (Shingles)
Condition
Herpes zoster (shingles) is a viral infection of the nerves that results in a painful rash of small blisters on a strip of skin anywhere on the body. Learn more.
Heterotaxy
Condition
Heterotaxy is a rare condition where many organs in the body can be formed abnormally, in the wrong position, or even missing.
Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia (HHT)
Condition
Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) is a blood vessel disorder that can cause internal bleeding. Learn more from Boston Children’s Hospital.
Hip Dysplasia
Condition
Hip dysplasia occurs when the hip joint has not developed properly and the socket (acetabulum) is too shallow.
Hip Fracture
Condition
Learn more about Hip Fracture symptoms, diagnosis, and treatments. Request an appointment for Hip Fracture with experts at Boston Children's Hospital at 617-355-6000.
Hip Impingement
Condition
Hip impingement is a common cause of hip pain caused by abnormal bone development in the hip joint.
Hip Labral Tear
Condition
A hip labral tear is a tear in the rubbery tissue that normally cushions and supports the edge of the hip joint. Learn more from Boston Children’s Hospital.
Hip Pain
Condition
Hip pain in teens and young adults is often a sign of an underlying problem.
Hirschsprung's Disease
Condition
Hirschsprung's disease occurs when intestinal nerve cells don’t develop properly.
Hodgkin Lymphoma
Condition
Hodgkin lymphoma is a type of cancer that causes cells in the lymphatic system to abnormally reproduce. Learn more from Boston Children’s Hospital.
Horseshoe Kidney
Condition
Horseshoe kidney is a condition in which the kidneys are fused together at the lower end or base.
Human Parainfluenza Viruses (HPIV)
Condition
Human parainfluenza viruses (HPIV) are a group of viruses that cause different types of respiratory infections. Learn more from Boston Children’s Hospital.
Hydrocele
Condition
A hydrocele is fluid around the testicles that presents as painless scrotal swelling.
Hydronephrosis
Condition
Hydronephrosis isn’t a specific diagnosis. Instead, it’s a finding that shows that urine is overfilling the kidney.
Hydrops Fetalis
Condition
Hydrops fetalis — or hydrops — is when large amounts of fluid build up in a baby’s tissues and organs, causing extensive swelling.
Hyperacusis
Condition
Hyperacusis is when a child has difficulty tolerating sounds at a volume or pitch that would not typically be bothersome to others.
Hyperbilirubinemia and Jaundice
Condition
Hyperbilirubinemia is a condition in which there is too much bilirubin in your baby’s blood. Because bilirubin has a pigment or coloring, it causes a yellowing of your baby’s skin and tissues, called jaundice.
Hyperparathyroidism
Condition
Hyperparathyroidism is a condition where the parathyroid glands make too much parathyroid hormone.
Hypertension
Condition
Hypertension (high blood pressure) refers to how hard the blood is pushing against the walls of the artery through which it flows — not how quickly it flows. Learn more from Boston Children's Hospital.
Hyperthyroidism
Condition
Hyperthyroidism is a thyroid disorder that increases metabolism and can affect many cells throughout the body.
Blood in the Eye (Hyphema)
Condition
Hyphema refers to blood collecting in the anterior chamber of the eye, the front section of the eye's interior.
Hypocalcemia
Condition
Hypocalcemia is a condition in which there is too little calcium in a baby's blood.
Hypoglycemia and Low Blood Sugar
Condition
Hypoglycemia is the state of having a blood glucose level that is too low to effectively fuel the body's cells. Learn more from Boston Children's Hospital.
Hypopituitarism
Condition
Hypopituitarism is rare in children and its various symptoms can usually be effectively controlled with medication. Learn more.
Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome (HLHS)
Condition
Hypoplastic left heart syndrome is a spectrum of heart diseases in which the left-heart structures are underdeveloped.
Hypospadias
Condition
In hypospadias, the opening of a boy’s urethra is located under the penis rather than at the tip.
Hypothyroidism
Condition
Hypothyroidism is a condition in which the thyroid is underactive and produces an insufficient amount of thyroid hormones.
Irritable Bowel Syndrome
Condition
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a chronic condition that includes abdominal pain, diarrhea, constipation or both that persist for two months or longer.
Idiopathic Scoliosis
Condition
Idiopathic scoliosis is one of three different types of scoliosis that causes a lateral curvature of the spine. Learn more from Boston Children’s Hospital.
Immune Thrombocytopenia (ITP)
Condition
Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an autoimmune disorder where your child's body attacks its own platelets and destroys them too quickly.
Imperforate Hymen
Condition
In an imperforate hymen, a membrane extends all the way across the area of the hymen, blocking the vaginal opening.
Impetigo
Condition
Impetigo is a superficial infection of the skin caused by bacteria, resulting in lesions that are often grouped and have a red base.
Infant Respiratory Distress Syndrome (Hyaline Membrane Disease)
Condition
Infant Respiratory Distress Syndrome, or Hyaline Membrane Disease, causes babies to need extra oxygen and help breathing. Learn more from Boston Children’s Hospital.
Infantile Scoliosis
Condition
Infantile scoliosis is an abnormal sideways curve of the spine that affects infants and toddlers. Learn more from Boston Children’s Hospital.
Infantile Spasms
Condition
Infantile spasms, sometimes called West syndrome, are a type of seizure that occurs in babies.
Infectious Mononucleosis
Condition
Infectious mononucleosis, more commonly known as "mono,” is a viral illness that can cause flu-like symptoms, fatigue, and swollen lymph glands.
Inguinal Hernia
Condition
A hernia that occurs in the groin area is called an inguinal hernia.
Insomnia
Condition
Insomnia is common in children but highly treatable. It is characterized by frequent night wakings, bedtime battles and difficulty falling and staying asleep.
Interstitial Lung Disease
Condition
Interstitial lung disease is a group of rare lung diseases that can make it difficult to breathe.
Intestinal Atresia and Stenosis
Condition
Intestinal atresia means that your child's intestines haven't formed correctly. In intestinal stenosis, the intestine has narrowed so much that it's difficult for nutrients to move through.
Intestinal or Multivisceral Transplant
Condition
Learn more about Intestinal or Multivisceral Transplant symptoms, diagnosis, and treatments. Request an appointment for Intestinal or Multivisceral Transplant with experts at Boston Children's Hospital at 617-355-4837.
Intestinal Transporter and Enzyme Disorders
Condition
Intestinal transporter and enzyme disorders are rare genetic diseases of the intestine. Learn more from Boston Children’s Hospital.
Intraventricular Hemorrhage (IVH)
Condition
Intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) is bleeding inside or around the ventricles — spaces in the brain that contain the cerebral spinal fluid.
Intussusception
Condition
Intussusception occurs when a portion of your child's intestine folds inside another segment — this causes an obstruction that prevents the passage of food, which is being digested.
Iritis (Uveitis)
Condition
Learn more about Iritis (Uveitis) symptoms, diagnosis, and treatments. Request an appointment for Iritis (Uveitis) with experts at Boston Children's Hospital at 617-355-6000.
Iron Deficiency Anemia
Condition
Learn more about Iron Deficiency Anemia symptoms, diagnosis, and treatments. Request an appointment for Iron Deficiency Anemia with experts at Boston Children's Hospital at 617-355-8246.
Jaundice
Condition
Learn more about Jaundice symptoms, diagnosis, and treatments. Request an appointment for Jaundice with experts at Boston Children's Hospital at 617-355-6000.
Juvenile Polyposis Syndrome (JPS)
Condition
Learn more about Gastrointestinal Polyposis symptoms, diagnosis, and treatments. Request an appointment for Gastrointestinal Polyposis with experts at Boston Children's Hospital at 617-355-5837.
Juvenile Ankylosing Spondylitis
Condition
Juvenile ankylosing spondylitis affects the spine and the sites where the muscles, tendons, and ligaments attach to bone. Learn more from Boston Children’s.
Juvenile Arthritis
Condition
Juvenile arthritis isn’t one condition, but is the general name for many types of arthritis that can occur in children.
Juvenile Dermatomyositis
Condition
Juvenile dermatomyositis (JDM) is a rare autoimmune disorder in which a child’s immune system attacks blood vessels throughout his body, causing muscle inflammation.
Juvenile Myelomonocytic Leukemia
Condition
Learn more about Juvenile Myelomonocytic Leukemia symptoms, diagnosis, and treatments. Request an appointment for Juvenile Myelomonocytic Leukemia with experts at Boston Children's Hospital at 617-632-5508.
Juvenile Nasopharyngeal Angiofibroma
Condition
Juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma (JNA) is a benign vascular tumor that appears in the nasal cavity. Learn more from Boston Children's Hospital.
Kabuki Syndrome
Condition
Learn about the symptoms, diagnosis and treatment of Kabuki syndrome, a rare congenital disorder, from Boston Children’s Hospital.
Kaposiform Hemangioendothelioma (KHE)
Condition
Kaposiform hemangioendothelioma (KHE) is a benign tumor of a child's blood vessels. Learn more from Boston Children’s Hospital.
Kasabach-Merritt Phenomenon (KMP)
Condition
Kasabach-Merritt phenomenon (KMP) is a complication in which certain vascular tumors trap and destroy platelets.
Kawasaki Disease
Condition
Kawasaki disease is a childhood illness that causes inflammation of the blood vessels in many areas of the body. Learn more from Boston Children’s Hospital.
Keloids
Condition
Keloids are nodules that develop on the surface of the skin following an injury or trauma to that area.
Keratoconus
Condition
Keratoconus is a progressive eye condition that causes distorted, blurry vision. Learn more from Boston Children’s Hospital.
Kidney Stones
Condition
Kidney stones are small, hard deposits of mineral and acid salts formed within the urinary tract.
Kleefstra Syndrome
Condition
Kleefstra syndrome is a rare condition that can cause developmental delay and intellectual disability. Learn more from Boston Children’s Hospital.
Klippel-Trenaunay Syndrome
Condition
Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome is a rare congenital vascular anomaly that results in your child having a large number of abnormal blood vessels.
Kyphosis in Children
Condition
Kyphosis is an abnormal forward curve in the upper spine.
Laryngomalacia (Congenital Laryngeal Stridor)
Condition
Laryngomalacia (also known as laryngealmalacia) results from a birth defect in your child’s voice box (larynx). Learn more from Boston Children's Hospital.
Lead Poisoning
Condition
Lead poisoning occurs when lead — once a common ingredient in paint and still used in batteries, pipes, pottery, and some cosmetics — builds up in the body. Learn more from Boston Children's Hospital.
Legg-Calve-Perthes Disease
Condition
Legg-Calve-Perthes disease (aka Perthes disease) happens when the ball-shaped head of the thighbone temporarily loses its blood supply.
Limb Length Discrepancy
Condition
A limb-length discrepancy is when one leg or arm is shorter than the other leg or arm.
Little League Elbow
Condition
Little League elbow is a broad term that generally refers to an injury to the elbow’s tendons, ligaments, and/or bones in a young, throwing athlete.
Little League Shoulder
Condition
Little League shoulder happens when an athlete throws too often or repeatedly throws the wrong way and hurts his shoulder.
Lordosis
Condition
Lordosis is an exaggerated curve of the spine that typically affects the lower back.
Low-Grade Gliomas
Condition
Low-grade gliomas are brain tumors that originate from glial cells, which support and nourish neurons in the brain.
Lyme Disease
Condition
Lyme disease is the most common tick-borne disease in the U.S.
Macrodactyly
Condition
Macrodactyly is an uncommon condition in which a baby's toes or fingers are abnormally large due to the overgrowth of the underlying bone and soft tissue.
Malignant Fibrous Histiocystoma
Condition
A malignant fibrous histiocytoma is a type of cancerous tumor that can start in bone or in the soft tissues that connect, support, or surround organs and other body parts.
Malunion Fracture
Condition
A malunion fracture is a broken bone that heals abnormally.
Melanoma (Skin Cancer)
Condition
Melanoma is a highly malignant skin cancer that begins in melanocytes — cells that make melanin — of normal skin or moles and spreads rapidly and widely.
Metatarsus Adductus
Condition
Metatarsus adductus (metatarsus varus) is a common deformity that causes the front half of the foot to turn inward.
Microcephaly
Condition
In microcephaly, the brain develops abnormally, causing the head to be much smaller than expected for the child's age.
Microtia
Condition
Microtia is a birth defect of a baby’s ear in which the external ear is small and not properly formed.
Midaortic Syndrome
Condition
Midaortic syndrome is a very rare condition in which part of the aorta that runs through the chest and abdomen narrows.
Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C)
Condition
Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C), also called pediatric multi-system inflammatory syndrome temporally related to SARS CoV-2 (PMIS or PIMS-TS), is a potentially serious illness in children that appears to be a delayed, post-infectious complication of COVID-19 infection.
Misophonia
Condition
Misophonia is a neurophysiological disorder characterized by an excessive reaction of anger, disgust, and a “fight-or-flight” response to specific sounds.
Monkeypox
Condition
Monkeypox (MPX) is a viral infection that can cause a painful rash, fever, head and muscle aches, and exhaustion.
Morquio Syndrome
Condition
Morquio syndrome is a rare genetic condition that affects a child’s bones and spine, organs, and physical abilities.
Myopia
Condition
Children with myopia (nearsightedness) can see close up, but have problems seeing things far away.
Neonatal Stroke
Condition
Neonatal stroke is stroke in newborns between birth and 28 days.
Neuroblastoma
Condition
Neuroblastoma is a cancerous tumor that begins in nerve tissue of young children.
Neurocutaneous Syndromes
Condition
Neurocutaneous syndrome is a broad term for a group of neurologic (brain, spine, and peripheral nerve) disorders.
Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma
Condition
Non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHLs) all start in lymph tissue and share some similarities in how the cells look under a microscope.
Nursemaid's Elbow
Condition
Nursemaid’s elbow (“pulled elbow”) occurs when the ligament that holds the radius in place at the elbow joint slips and the end of the radius shifts out of position.
Oligodendroglioma
Condition
Oligodendrogliomas are low-grade gliomas, a type of brain tumor, that arise from a type of cell called an oligodendrocyte.
Os Odontoideum
Condition
Os odontoideum happens when a separation occurs at the top of the spine.
Osgood-Schlatter Disease
Condition
Osgood-Schlatter disease is an overuse condition or knee injury that causes a painful bump and swelling on the shinbone.
Osteochondritis Dissecans
Condition
Osteochondritis dissecans is a joint disorder in which a segment of bone and cartilage starts to separate from the rest of the bone.
Osteogenesis Imperfecta
Condition
Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is characterized by fragile bones that break easily without a specific cause.
Outer Ear Injury
Condition
Injuries to the outer ear, ear canal, or eardrum can be painful as well as noticeable.
Overuse Injuries
Condition
Overuse injuries are sports-related microtraumas that result from repetitively using the same parts of the body.
Patellar Instability
Condition
Patellar instability (kneecap dislocation) happens when the kneecap slides out of place.
Patellofemoral Pain
Condition
Patellofemoral pain is pain around the front of the knee.
PHACE Syndrome
Condition
PHACE is an associated collection of disorders characterized by a large infantile hemangioma on a child's face, scalp, and neck
Pilocytic Astrocytoma
Condition
A pilocytic astrocytoma is a brain tumor that originates from star-shaped cells called astrocytes.
Platelet Function Disorders
Condition
A platelet function disorder is when blood may not be able to clot normally, which results in an increased risk of bleeding.
Pleomorphic Xanthoastrocytoma
Condition
Pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma (PXA) is a rare, benign brain tumor that likely arises from cells in the nervous system that make up the supportive network for the brain.
Polio (Poliomyelitis)
Condition
Poliomyelitis (polio) is a highly contagious infectious disease that can result in paralysis.
Polydactyly
Condition
Polydactyly is a condition in which a baby is born with one or more extra fingers.
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)
Condition
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a serious mental health condition that affects people who have survived a terrifying physical or emotional event.
Posterior Urethral Valves
Condition
Urethral valves occur when a boy is born with extra flaps of tissue that have grown in his urethra.
Precocious Early Puberty
Condition
Precocious, or early, puberty is when a child enters the process of becoming sexually mature too early.
Prematurity
Condition
A baby born before 37 weeks of pregnancy is considered premature. Slightly fewer than 12 percent of all babies are premature.
PTEN Hamartoma Tumor Syndrome (PHTS)
Condition
PTEN hamartoma tumor syndrome (PHTS) is a genetic disorder caused by a defect in a gene called PTEN.
Pulmonary Atresia
Condition
Pulmonary atresia occurs when the pulmonary valve — normally located between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery — doesn’t form properly.
Radial Longitudinal Deficiency (Radial Club Hand)
Condition
Radial longitudinal deficiency (radial club hand) is a rare condition that affects the forearm.
Radioulnar Synostosis
Condition
Radioulnar synostosis is a rare condition in which the two bones of the forearm — the radius and the ulna — are abnormally connected.
Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport (RED-S)
Condition
Relative energy deficiency in sport (RED-S) happens when athletes do not get enough fuel through food to support the energy demands of their daily lives and training.
Renal Artery Stenosis
Condition
Renal artery stenosis is when one or more of the vessels carrying blood to the kidneys become narrowed.
Retinoblastoma
Condition
Retinoblastoma is a rare childhood cancer of the eye. It arises from the retina.
Retinopathy of Prematurity (ROP)
Condition
Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) affects blood vessels in premature babies’ eyes. Infants with more severe forms of ROP face a serious risk of blindness.
Rhabdomyosarcoma
Condition
Rhabdomyosarcoma is a cancerous tumor that grows in the body's soft tissues.
Scoliosis
Condition
Scoliosis is a condition in which the spine has an abnormal curve. A spine with scoliosis curves front to back but also curves sideways.
Septic (Infectious) Arthritis
Condition
Septic arthritis is an infection in the joint tissues and the joint's fluid (synovial fluid).
Sever's Disease
Condition
Sever’s disease occurs when the growth plate in the back of the heel becomes inflamed and painful.
Shin Splints
Condition
“Shin splints” is a catch-all term for tenderness and pain in the area of the shin bone (tibia).
Shoulder Dislocation
Condition
A shoulder dislocation happens when the ball at the top of the arm bone separates from the shoulder socket.
Single Ventricle Defects
Condition
A single ventricle defect occurs when one of the two pumping chambers in the heart, called ventricles, isn’t large enough or strong enough to work correctly.
Sitosterolemia
Condition
Sitosterolemia is a rare genetic disease that causes the fatty substances, or lipids, from plant-based foods such as nuts and vegetable oils to accumulate in arteries, likely increasing the risk of heart attack, stroke, and heart disease.
Skeletal Dysplasia
Condition
Skeletal dysplasia is a category of rare genetic disorders that cause abnormal development of a baby’s bones, joints, and cartilage.
Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis (SCFE)
Condition
Slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE) is one of the most common developmental conditions of the hip joint.
Slow Weight Gain in Infants and Children
Condition
Slow weight gain, sometimes called “failure to thrive," is a manifestation of many factors that prevent a child from getting the calories they need for healthy growth.
Somatic Symptom and Related Disorders
Condition
Somatic symptom and related disorders are diseases in which youth have physical symptoms that are very distressing or result in significant disruption of their daily functioning.
Spine Problems
Condition
Spine problems develop when normal spinal curves grow too large, or the spine curves in the wrong way, or when the vertebrae are not strong enough to support the spine, or injuries that compromise the structure of the spine.
Spondylolysis and Spondylolisthesis
Condition
Spondylolysis is a stress fracture in the lower back. If left untreated, it can progress to spondylolisthesis, where vertebra, weakened by fracture, slips out of alignment with the rest of the spine.
Sprains and Strains
Condition
Sprains are ligament injuries resulting from wrenching or twisting a joint. Strains are injuries to a muscle or tendon.
Stress Fractures
Condition
A stress fracture is a tiny crack that forms in the bone, usually as a result of overuse or repetitive, stress-bearing motions.
Sturge-Weber Syndrome
Condition
Sturge-Weber syndrome (SWS) is a rare neurological condition that is present at birth and is not hereditary.
Stuttering
Condition
Stuttering, sometimes referred to as stammering or diffluent speech, can be very humiliating for a child. Learn more from Boston Children's Hospital.
Symbrachydactyly
Condition
Symbrachydactyly is a condition of short fingers that may be webbed or joined.
Syndactyly
Condition
Syndactyly is a condition in which children are born with fused or webbed fingers.
Systemic Autoinflammatory Diseases (Periodic Fever Syndromes)
Condition
Systemic autoinflammatory diseases (SAIDs), sometimes called periodic fever syndromes, are a group of conditions that result from an inappropriate inflammatory response by the body.
Tarsal Coalition
Condition
A tarsal coalition is an abnormal connection between two or more of the tarsal bones.
Tectal Gliomas
Condition
A tectal glioma is a low-grade, slow-growing brain tumor in the tectum, the roof of the brain stem.
Tennis Elbow
Condition
Tennis elbow is an injury to the tendons attaching the forearm muscles to the outer part of the elbow.
Test Condition 1
Condition
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Test Condition B
Condition
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Tethered Spinal Cord
Condition
A tethered spinal cord occurs when the spinal cord is attached to tissue around the spine, most commonly at the base.
Thalamic Astrocytoma and Hypothalamic Astrocytoma
Condition
Thalamic and hypothalamic astrocytomas are tumors that develop in the brain’s glial or supportive tissues. Learn more from Boston Children's Hospital.
Thoracic Insufficiency Syndrome
Condition
Thoracic insufficiency syndrome is a chest wall deformity that interferes with lung function and development.
Thrombocytopenia
Condition
Thrombocytopenia is a condition in which there are too few platelets, the blood cells that prevent bleeding.
Thrombosis (Blood Clots)
Condition
Thrombosis is a blood clot that develops within veins or arteries in the body.
Thumb Duplication (Pre-Axial Polydactyly)
Condition
Children with thumb duplication have two thumbs on one hand.
Thumb Hypoplasia and Aplasia
Condition
Thumb hypoplasia means that your child’s thumb is unusually small or underdeveloped. Thumb aplasia means that your child’s thumb is missing altogether.
Thyroid Cancer in Children
Condition
Pediatric thyroid cancer (also called thyroid carcinoma) occurs when cells in the thyroid gland become abnormal and grow out of control.
Tibial Torsion
Condition
Tibial torsion is the twisting of a child’s shinbone (tibia).
Torn Meniscus
Condition
A torn meniscus can happen during any activity in which the knee is compressed or forcefully twisted or rotated.
Torticollis
Condition
Torticollis, or wryneck, is a twisted neck. It’s relatively common in children.
Total Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Return (TAPVR)
Condition
TAPVR occurs when the blood vessels that drain the lungs (pulmonary veins) are not connected normally to the heart.
Tracheal Stenosis
Condition
Tracheal stenosis is a constriction or narrowing of the cartilage that supports the windpipe (trachea).
Tracheoesophageal Fistula
Condition
A tracheoesophageal fistula is when there is an abnormal connection between the esophagus and the trachea.
Transient Ischemic Attack
Condition
Transient ischemic attacks are temporary deficits in neurologic function caused by a brief interruption of blood flow to part of the brain.
Transposition of the Great Arteries (TGA)
Condition
Transposition of the great arteries (TGA) is when the “great” arteries, the aorta and the right ventricle, are reversed in their origins from the heart.
Tricuspid Atresia
Condition
In tricuspid atresia, the tricuspid valve — which is normally located between the right atrium and the right ventricle — is missing, as is the right ventricle.
Trigger Thumb
Condition
Trigger thumb refers to a thumb that catches, locks, or gets stuck in a flexed position.
Truncus Arteriosus
Condition
Truncus arteriosus is a heart defect in which a single artery instead of two (truncus arteriosus) carries blood from the heart.
Type 2 Diabetes
Condition
Type 2 diabetes is a metabolic disorder that develops when the body cannot properly use or produce enough insulin.
Ulnar Longitudinal Deficiency (Ulnar Club Hand)
Condition
Children with ulnar longitudinal deficiency are born with their wrist in a fixed, bent position toward the little finger side of the hand.
Ureterocele
Condition
Ureteroceles are birth defects that occur in approximately 1 out of every 2,000 babies.
Ureteropelvic Junction (UPJ) Obstruction
Condition
A UPJ obstruction occurs when a blockage between your child’s kidney and ureter impedes the flow of urine.
Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) in Children and Babies
Condition
A urinary tract infection (UTI) is a bacterial infection in the urinary tract that can cause discomfort and complications in your child.
Vascular Ring
Condition
A vascular ring occurs when a child’s aorta — the body’s largest blood vessel — or its branches form abnormally.
Venous Malformation
Condition
A venous malformation (VM) is a bluish lesion caused by widened, abnormally shaped veins.
Ventriculomegaly
Condition
Ventriculomegaly is a condition in which the ventricles appear larger than normal on a prenatal ultrasound.
Von Willebrand Disease
Condition
Von Willebrand Disease (VWD) is an inherited bleeding disorder caused by an abnormal blood-clotting protein.
Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD)
Condition
A ventricular septal defect (VSD) is a hole in the wall that separates the lower right and left heart chambers (ventricles).
Walking (Gait) Abnormalities
Condition
A gait abnormality is an unusual walking pattern.
X-linked Myotubular Myopathy
Condition
X-linked myotubular myopathy is caused by a genetic mutation on the X chromosome, and it causes muscle weakness.